Rivet setting machine



P 1935- 1.. c, HUCK ET AL RIVET'SE'VITING MACHINE Original Filed May 2, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTO 5 c H 5,

louz's 56140)? )7. Miller: M 1% Sept. 8, L, c, HUCK 1: AL

RIVET SETTING MACHINE Original May 2, 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENT R5- Zozn's C, 00?,

i is

P atented Sept. 8, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT omen RIVET SETTING MACHINE Michigan Application May2, 1932, Serial No. 608,682 Renewed June 15, 1936 27 Claims. (Cl. 218-19) The invention relates to rivet setting machines or machines for applying rivets to structural elements for securing them together.

Particularly, the invention constitutes an improvement over that embodied in our co-pending application for patent, Serial No. 560,289, filed August 31, 1931, which relates to a machine of the general type designated above. are adapted to set rivets of the general type shown and described in the co-pending application for patent, for example, of Louis C. Huck, Serial No. 545,004, filed June 17, 1931. The rivet may comprise a female member havinga tubular body portion and preferably a rivet head at one end thereof, which cooperates with a male member extending longitudinally therethrough and which has a head at one end engaging the opposite end of the female member. a The rivet as thus assembled is inserted through openings in a plurality of structural elements to be connected therebyuntil the head on the female member engages the side of the structure adjacent thereto. The shank of the male member projects outwardly from the rivet head of the female member and 'by pulling it through the female member in the direction outwardly from the head of the latter, and applying the reactionary force of such operation to the latter head, the body portion of the female member may be formed with a head at the opposite side of the structure.-

The principal objects of the present invention are to provide improvements in a machine for applying rivets of the aforesaid character, which is capable of a more universal use, particularly for setting rivets in less accessible locations such as in corners, recesses and the like; to provide a machine of improved nature which is constructed of parts so related and adjustable, that an operator of the machine may control the rivet setting operation more satisfactorily, particularly in I structural openings where'it would otherwise be diflicult to operate a rivet setting machine; to provide an improved rivetsetting machine for applying rivets 'of the above mentioned character which is particularly adapted to grip and pull the male member through the female member and thereby form a head at one end of the latter, and then to continue the pull on the male member until the tension thereon breaks such male member approximately at the point it emerges from the female member atthat side of the structure being riveted, adjacent the machine; to provide-an improved machine for accomplishing the last men-- tioned result which so operates that the broken.

male member is moved on through the gripping Such machines means upon insertion of the next rivet, and. in this manner automatically removed; to provide an improved machine for setting rivets in which the male member is finally broken, in which movv ing parts are efiiciently cushioned against the rethat would interfere with the use thereofin varlous structural locations; and in general to provide a rivet setting machine for applying rivets of the 20 aforesaid character, which is extremely eflic ient in operation, simple in construction, light in weight, more universal in application, and which may be manufactured'inexpensively.

Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following description, the drawings relating thereto, and the claims hereinafter set forth.

For a. better understanding of the invention 1 reference may be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the specification, wherein:

Figure 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a rivet setting machine constructed according to one form of the invention; I

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the machine shown by Fig. 1, with certain parts shown inv cross section for the purpose of illustrating certain details more clearly; I

Fig. 3 is across-sectional view on a larger scale,- taken substantially along the line 3-4 of Fig. 1, 0 and illustrating certain details of the connection between the piston rod and an operating arm; 4

Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view'on a larger scale, taken substantially alongline H of Fig. 1, illustrating details ofa fluid controlling valve employed in the machine;

Fig. 5, is a right end view of the machine as shown by Figs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary and longitudinal crosssectional view on a larger scale, illustrating more particularly the" rivet setting jaws and parts for manipulating them;

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view on a larger scale,

taken. substantially along the line 'l---'! of Fig. 6; s5

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view on a larger scale, taken substantially along the line 8-5 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view on a larger scale, taken substantially along the line 5-5'of Fig. 6; Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view on a larger scale taken substantially along line Ill-Ill of Fig. 6; Fig. 11 illustrates in cross section the manner in which a rivet of the general type described is flrst applied to the structural elements prior to employing the rivet setting machine, and

Fig. 12 illustrates an extension riveting anvil which may be used if a rivet is to be set in a rela-- tively deep, narrow opening.

Fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a spiral or an annular thread and groove arrangement that may be used on the jaws and male rivet member.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, spaced cylinder heads i0 and II are provided which support between them a cylinder wall l2 having outwardly directed peripheral flanges l3 and I4 at opposite ends, seated in annular recesses i5 and i5 in'the heads respectively. Such heads and the wall I2 are secured together by bolts il passing through marginal portions of the heads, and longitudinally over the outer surface of the cylinder wall. Within the cylinder, a piston I5 is provided which has its central portion apertured to receive a piston rod i8, and this rod has a shoulder 20 at one side of the piston for holding the latter in place, and at the opposite side of the piston, a lock nut 2| threaded thereon to hold the piston against the shoulder. For holding the lock nut in position against loosening, a wire or the like 22 may extend partially around the periphery of the nut in a groove therein, and then project radially through an opening in the nut and partially into an opening (not shown) in the rod. At the left side of the piston, as seen in Fig. 1, a. pin 23 is provided which is threaded into the end of the rod as shown at 24, and this pin is reciprocatory in a bearing sleeve 25 disposed in an opening centrally formed in the cylinder head ill. The opposite end of the piston rod slidably projects through an opening in the cylinder head ii and this opening extends entirely through the head, in contrast to the opening in the head I. having the sleeve 25. A stufling box 35 is threaded into the head ll around the rod I! to prevent the escape of fluid under pressure in the cylinder along the piston rod to the outer side of the head. The slidable mounting of the piston rod inthe heads iii and il assists in locating and guiding the movement of the piston, and both supports are desirable particularly when the piston is provided with cup washers 25 and 21 bolted to the outer margin of the piston as indicated at 2l'.aswearonsuchwashersisreducedtoa minimum.

The head I! also serves as a support for ahandle 3! which is secured thereto at its upper end by means of .bolts 52 as shown by Fig. 2, and at its opposite end to one end of a casting 52 by means of bolts 54. This casting at its opposite end is secured by bolts 25 to the lower side of the cylinder head ll. It will be noted that the handle member 3| is provided with hand and flnger abutments I1 and I5 and in general is shaped to facilitate manual gripping of the machine.

For supplying fluid under pressure to the cylinder, toreciprocate the piston therein, the handle 3| and the casting 53 are of hollow construction anda fluid pressure supply line 45 is connected to the casting 33 to supply fluid under pressure to both the handle and casting. The

spasm-z space in the casting l3 communicates with the space interiorly of the handle 2| by means of a recess 4|, so that fluid under-pressure will enter the handle, and the opposite end of the casting is open at its point of connection with the cylinder head I 0. The valve arrangement for controlling the flow of the fluid is located on the outerside of the cylinder head I 0 as shown by Figs. 1 and 4, and as shown best by Fig. 4, such arrangement includes passageways 44, 45, 46 and 41, the passageways 44 and .45 being located in the upper half of the cylinder head, and passageways 45 and 41 in the lower half. In each passageway a valve stem 48 is mounted for vertical reciprocatory movement, and slidably projects through an opening 49 into a space 50 located centrally of the cylinder head and open to the atmosphere. The valve stem also projects slidably through a valve seat 5i secured in the passageway, and on theother side of the valve seat, the stem slidably passes through a valve disc 52 having a sharp marginal edge 53 on its face adjacent the seat adapted to engage a sealing ring 54 located in a groove in the seat. For lifting the valve disc 52, it being slidably mounted onthe valve stem, the latter is provided with a shoulder 54', and on the other side of the disc the stem is provided with a second valve disc 55 rigidly mounted thereon as by threading. The latter disc similarly to the disc 52, has a marginal sharp edge 56 on its face for engaging a sealing ring 51 located in a groove in the upper face of the disc 52. The disc 52 has one or more openings 51 along the valve stem so that fluid under pressure in the space in the passageway at the disc side of the seat may meter through the disc along the stem when the disc 55 is raised thereabove. When the disc 52 is raised, the fluid may also flow through larger openings 59 in the seat 5| into the passageway below the seat. Normally the stem is urged into the valve closing position by means of a helical spring 50 encircling the stem and engaging at one end the valve seat 5| and at its other end a collar 5| rigidly mounted on the stem.

When the stem 45 is in a valve closed position, it is apparent that the stem will be held downwardly' by means of the spring 65, and thatthe discs 52 and 55 will entirely close the valve. When the stem is moved into the valve lifting position, the disc 55 will initially be raised, and this will permit a small flow of fluid under pressure through the disc 52, andopenings 51", then through seat 5!, and this is desirable because the pressure of the fluid on both sides of the valve may then be somewhat neutralized, and this result may be obtained more easily by lifting the small valve disc 55 instead of the larger valve disc 52'. After the pressure is somewhat neutralized, it is not difllcult to raise the disc 52 to allow the fluid to flow more rapidly through the valve seat. For the purpose of illustrating the function of the four valves involved, the valve in passageway 44 is indicated at 65, that in passageway 45 at 56, that in passageway 45 at 61 and that in passageway 41 at 55.

Still referring to Fig. 4, the casting 33 has an offset passageway I0 communicating directly with the passageway 45 in the valve arrangement at the valve disc side of the valve seat, and since the casting is in direct communication with the fluid pressure supply line 40 the passageway 45 will always have fluid under pressure therein at this side of the valve. 4 As shown best by Figs. 1 and 2, the passageway within the handle 2! comspasm? 3 municates with a smaller passageway 1| in the handle casting and the latter in turn communi-.

cafes with a passageway 12 extending into the upper part of the cylinder head l0, and then communicatlng with the passageway 45 in the valve arrangement, above the seat therein. Therefore, it will be apparent that the vertically aligned passageways l5 and 46 above and below the valve seats therein respectively are in direct communili) cation with the fluid pressure line 40. Referring now to Figs. 2 and 4, the passageway 45 below the valve seat 5| communicates with a laterally extending aperture 14, and the latter in turn communicates with an upwardly extending passageway 15 in the cylinder head at one side of the passageway 45, and such passageway-15 at its upper extremity communicates with a passageway 16 formed in a casting 11 secured by bolts 18 and 19 at opposite ends to the cylinder heads 20 Ill and II respectively. This casting has a lon-' gitudlnally extending rib type passageway 80 extending to the cylinder head H, and such passageway then communicates with a passageway 8| extending downwardly-through the head ll and then laterally through thehead as indicated at 82 in Fig. 1, where it communicates with the interior of the cylinder at'the right side of the piston. Accordingly, when valve 68 is open, fluid under pressure will flow into the right end of the cylinder. As seen in Figs. 1 and 4, the passageway 46 communicates with an opening 83 extending directly through the cylinder head 10 and communicating with the interior of the cylinder at the left side of the piston, such opening 83 being at the spring side of the valve seatin the passageway. Accordingly, when valve 61 is open fluid under pressure will flow to the left side of the cylinder. As shown by Fig. 4, the passageway above the valve seat communicates with an opening 85 extending laterally through the cylinder head in and communicating directly with the interior of the cylinder, whereas below the valve seat, the passageway communicates with'a laterally extending opening 86 in turn communicating with an exhaust passageway 81 extending downwardly through the cylinder head and finally opening to the atmosphere through an opening in the casting 33. The passageway 41 at the spring side of the valve seat communicates with a laterally extending geway 88 also in communication with exhaust passageway 81 whereas on the other side ofthe valve seat the passageway communicates with an'opening 89 in turn communicating with a v eway ll 5 extending upwardly and to a longitudinally-extending passageway 9| extending parallel to the passageway ill in the casting 11. Such passageway II also communicates with the right end of:

the cylinder through a downwardly extending g lassalgeway 92 through the head H, as seen in For operating the valve, a trigger Q3 is provided, as seen in Fig. 1, which is pivoted as intdicated at to lugs 95 on the handle 3!, and such trigger is normally maintainedin its lowermost position by means of a spring pressed pin Q6 having a spring 91 therein engaging the base of a recess in the handle casting, in which the' pin is slidably mounted. Such trigger adjacent the handle has a bar 98 fastened in a slot there-' in which extends into the passageway 5. shown by Fig. 4, and between the ends of the valve stems projecting into such passageway as shown in broken lines. Since the trigger l8 normally will be the exhaust passageway 81.

6! and I! normally will be open, and the valves 81 and 68 will normally be maintained in their closed positions.

Now when the trigger 93 is pulled slightly, it is apparent that the first thing that willhappen iicourse apparent that valves 65 and 68 will close and that when one set of valves is fully open, the other set will be fully closed. 'When valves 65 and-68 are closed, the left side of the cylinder is 15 closed to the exhaust passageway 81 through valve 65, and fluid under pressure to the right end of the cylinder is shut oil, since the closing of valve 66 cuts oil communication between the a passageway in the handle 3| to the passageway 15. As valve 61 opens, fluid under pressure flows through the casting 33 through the passageway I 46, through the valve therein, through the passageway 83 and into the left side of the cylinder, while the opening of valve ;68 permits the right end of the cylinder to exhaust through the passageways 92, 9|, 90, 89, the valve 68, and into The piston then will move to the right. Upon release 01' the trigger-93, the valves 61 and 68 will close, and 30 valves and 86 will open. It then will be apparent that fluid under pressure will communicate with the right end of the cylinder, and fluid will be allowed to exhaust from the left end of the cylinder into the exhaust passageiivayv l1, thus moving the piston to the left.

It will be noted in Fig. 1 that one of the bolts 21' at the margin of the-piston has an extension, indicated at 94', which is substantially aligned with the exhaust opening 82 in head II, This 40 pinis adapted tomove into the opening ,92 when the piston approaches head II, and serves asa metering element to reduce the eflectivejsiae of the exhaust passageway gradually and hence to prevent rapid exhaust of fluid at the right side 45 of the cylinder when the piston is moving near to and toward such head. In this way a fluid cushion is provided to cushion the piston. and the primary purpose thereof will be presently described. 50 I For the purposes of setting rivets with the apparatus described, that end of the piston rod is projecting beyond the cylinder head i I, has as best shown by Fig. 3, a slot indicated at-IOII and at opposite ends of this slot, bearing elements 55 I0! and ")2. Each of such elements preferably has ribs I03 at opposite v of the slot to retain the elements in position. It will be appreciated that either element may be inserted by placing it longitudinally in the slot. with the ribs I03 00 the and positions. The recess thus provided in the end of the piston rod receives one end of an as arm ill! pivoted as indicated atr It)! to offset.

bracket members I integral'with the cylinder head ll. 'rhatpartof the arm in the} slot inthe 'end of the piston rod, preferably has rounded sides as indicated at I01 toifacilita'te movement 70 of the arm about its pivot upon reciproeatery movement of the piston-andpiston rod;

'l 'heopposite enact the arm I projects. upw'ardly through an aperture Ill into a cylindrical barrel m which isseeured as indicated at m to the upper side of the cylinder head II. It is to be noted that the length of the arm portion above the pivot III! is much less than the length of the arm portion below the pivot, and consequently a greater force may be exerted by the upper end of the arm, with a smaller force acting on the lower end of the arm, because of the mechanical leverage obtained. Around the arm and the end of the piston rod projecting from the cylinder head II, a. housing II II may be provided, which is secured to the cylinder head by means of bolts III as shown by Fig. 2. This housing at its upper side has an opening for the arm I and the inner portion of the barrel III and similarly has another opening in its lower wall for enabling ad- I justment of the stuffing box 30 and the avoidance of dirt collecting within the housing.

Now referring to Fig. 6, it will be observed that the upper end of the arm I04 has a rounded portion II3 which is disposed in an aperture H4 formed in a reciprocaiory member I I5 in the barrel I09. At either end of the opening I ii, a bearing element I I6 isprovided which is secured in place by means of screws II'I threaded into the member IIS, and these elements form bearing seats for the rounded portion I I3 of the arm I". It will be observed that the bottom side of the aperture II has diverging side walls as indicated at ill to permit rocking movement of the arm with respect to the member I IS without interference. Adjacent the aperture Ill, the outer surface of the member II! is threaded to receive a sleeve Ill, and this sleeve is adjustably locked in position by means of a lock nut I II. The outer end of the sleeve III, as best shown by Fig. 8. has an opening defined by three circurnferentlally spaced cylindrical surface sockets I22, I23 and I24 whose axes converge toward the outer end of the sleeve.

Fig. also shows the sockets I22, I23 and I but on a section farther from the right end of the sleeve. It will be observed from Figs. 8 and 10, that each of such sockets beginning from the right end of the sleeve is less than semi-cylindrical. and that the arc of the surface becomes larger gradually until at the section shown by Fig. 10 the socket is substantially greater than semicylindrical.

Each of such sockets receives a jaw I25 havin its outer surface cylindrical to fit the socket in which it is disposed, and the inner surface of this jaw as best shown by Fig. 6, while curved, has its axes of curvature substantially parallel to the axis of the sleeve. In other words, each jaw has an inner, substantially cylindrical surface gripping portion having an axis of curvature substantially parallel to the length of the sleeve and an outer cylindrical surface portion, the axis of curvature of which is directed at an angle to the axis of the sleeve. The outer cylindrical surface of the jaw also increases in arc size as shown by Figs. 8 and 10, so that each jaw within the ordinary relative movement of jaw and socket that will occur, will be dove-tailed in the sleeve by the encaslng of its greaterthan semi-cylindrical portion by. the greater than semi-cylindrical portions of the socket. It will therefore be apparent that when any and all jaws are moved in their respective sockets, their outer surfaces will remain in contact with the cylindrical surface in the sockets while the gripping portions thereof will be maintained substantially in parallelism although naturally they will contract or expand with respect to the axes of the sleeve. It might be added in aosavw this connection that preferably the gripping surface of each jaw is provided with grooves or threads as indicated at I26, and such threads or grooves may be like that shown in Fig. 13, in which one sideis radial, the base substantially axial, and the other side axially tapered inwardly toward the axis, in a direction away from the outer end of the jaws. For holding the jaws toward the outer end of the sleeve, a three legged stool-like element indicated at I21 is provided, which is reciprocatory in the sleeve, and which has legs I21 projecting into the respective sockets in the end of the sleeve, and into contact with the respective jaws. The stool-like element is urged against the jaws, by a spring I28 engaging the end of the element, and encircling a reduced cylindrical portion I29 on the end of the member I I5, and abutting a shoulder thereon.

The outer end of the barrel I09 is provided with an anvil plate I3I which is held in position by swaging or spinning over a marginal flange on the end of the barrel indicated at I32. The rivet to be set generally may comprise a tubular female member indicated at I35 in Fig. 10 having a head I 36 for engaging the outer side of a structure I31 being riveted. The inner end of the female member is engaged by a head I38 ch a male shank I39 projecting through the female member and beyond the head I36 to provide a gr pping portion I 40. This latter portion preferably has grooves or threads I40 for coa'ction with the grooves or threads I26 on the jaws, which have radial sides engaging the radial sides of the latter threads. The tapered parts of the threads on the jaws of course facilitate entry of the male rivet member between them. In order to facilitate initial entry of the male member between the jaws, the end of such member may be beveled or the jaws may be countersunk. The anvil plate I3! has an opening I for receiving the projecting end of the male member, and such projecting end is adapted to be positioned between the jaws and to be gripped thereby when the rivet is set. The anvil also has a conical recess I42 for engaging the head I36 on the female rivet member. In setting the rivet, it may be inserted as shown by Fig. 6, and then the machine and rivet-may be moved into such positions that the rivet projects through the openings in the structure I 31 as shown by Fig. 10. Then by so operating the machine, that the member I I! is moved to the left in the barrel I", the jaws will grip the male member and pull it, and the reactionary force to the pull naturally will be imparted through the anvil III against the head I" on the rivet. It follows that the male member will be moved throughthe female member, and that the head I 38 compressing the female member inwardly of the structure, will cause a head to be bulbed against the inner side of the structure. Preferably the inner face of the anvil III has a central boss I45 which may serve as a stop for the jaws, when the sleeve I20 is in its right end position in the barrel m, if the jaws have not already contacted with each other. Ordinarily the jaws are in such contracted condition, however, that whether they engage each other or the boss Ill, they will be separated and hence moved back accordingly in their sockets upon inserting the male rivet member between them. This insertion is of course facilitated by the beveled end of the rivet member or by counter-sinking the opening between the jaws. The separation of the jaws upon inserting the male rivet member insures pping thereof, by action of the spring III, and ordinarily it will be very diflic'ult to retract the rivet memher after it is once inserted, particularly where threads or grooves are provided on the jaws and.

member.

When a rivet is set, it is only necessary to pull the trigger 93, which will cause the piston to moveto the right in the cylinder, and this in turn slightly, and after the rivet is inserted,'the spring I28 will cause the jaws to have. a gripping action on the rivet. Then upon movement of the member H5 and sleeve I20 to the left, it is apparent that the cylindrical surfaces in the inner end of the sleeve I20, will cause the jaws to move inwardly to contract about and grip the male rivet member positively, the spring I28 facilitating obtaining this grip. Owing to the fact that the gripping surfaces of the jaws will be substantially parallel to the male member throughout any gripping movement of the jaws, full length contact of the jaws with the male member and hence a more positive grip thereof, may be obtained.

' Upon continued movement of the member H5,

it is apparent that the rivet will be set in the manner previously described. After the bulb head is formed at the inner side of the structure to be riveted, continued movement of the member I I5, and-hence pulling of the male member will break it substantially at the groove or neck I50, (Fig. 10) which at this time preferably will be disposed substantially at the outer surface of the head I36 on the female member. When such break occurs,.the recoil of'the jaws and stool will effectively be cushioned by the spring I28, and the slowly exhausting fluid inthe right end of the cylinder will cushion the other moving parts of the machine. When the male member is thus broken the recoil of the jaws may open them and cause the broken part to be thrown back or the broken part'may remain between the jaws until such time that another rivet is inserted. In either case the broken part of the male member will be moved backwardly through the stool I21, which has a central aperture to permit such movement, and then through a recess I5I in the member I I5 and then through openings I52 and I53 in the bottom sideof the sleeve I20 and the lower wall of the barrel I09. The recoil of the jaws also will overcome any tendency of the jaws to stick in their sockets.

The provision of the small barrel I09, and having it offset with respect to the piston rod and machine, naturally facilitates riveting in corners and other more-or-less inaccessible places, and having the barrel cylindrical also facilitates riveting in inaccessible places, and probably provides a most efficient shape to obtain the maximum universal use. For the purpose of enabling riveting in very narrow and perhaps deep openings, a tapering attachment anvil I60 as shown by Fig. 11, may be provided which has a cup portion I6I adapted to abut the anvil I3I on the barrel, and an internally threaded cylindrical wall I02 adaptedto bethreaded around the end of the barrel. This attachment anvil at its outer end is about the size of the female rivet head and has a recess I63 for engagement with the head and an aperture longitudinally thereof indicated at I64 for the attachment anvil into a position for engagement with the jaws,'and it may be necessary to elongate openings in-the sleeve I20 and member II5 to allow the broken rivet element to be ejected after setting the rivet. l

The rivet setting machine described and illustrated, is extremely compact, preferably composed of very light material, such as aluminum or aluminum alloys and is so constructed that its use is practically universal. It is apparent that a highly efiicient arrangement has been provided to obtain a great rivet setting force without necessitating the use of a large piston, or undesirably large fluid press'urea It is apparent also that an arrangement has been provided by means of which the male rivet member will be gripped positively and uniformly in all cases and that this will occur even though the male member varies in size within a considerable range. The adjustable mounting of the sleeve I20 on the member I I5 permits adjustment of the sleeve with respect to the anvil I3 I and is desirable to obtain maximum efficiency and to accommodate various dimensions.

of rivets.

Although only one form of the invention has been described and illustrated in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variousmodifications may be made withoutdeparting from the scope of the appended claims.

We claim:

1. A mechanism for applying to a structure a rivet including a female member and a male member extending through the female member for forming a head on the latter on one side of the structure, which comprises a member adaptedto engage the end of the female member around the the latter to grip and then pull the male member, I

and means for allowing the broken male member to pass through the jaw means, movable means and first member, by its continued movement in. the direction in which it was pulled.

2 A mechanism for applying to a structure, a rivet including a female member and a male member extending through the female member for forming a head on the latter at one side of the structure, which comprises a frame, means movable in the frame for gripping, pulling and breaking the male member, and an anvil on the frame-for applying the reactionary force of the pull against the female member, and having an aperture for receiving the male member, said movable means and frame member having cooperating openings for allowing the broken part of the male member to pass therethrough' in the direction in which it was pulled, upon completion of the riveting operation.

3. A mechanism for applying to a structure, a rivet comprising a female member, and a male member extending through the female member for forming a head on the latter at one side of the structure, comprising a frame, an anvil on the frame for abutting the. female member and having an opening for receiving the male member, a movable member in the frame, having .an opening in its end adjacent the anvil defined by surfaces converging toward the anvil, and a plurality of jaws between such surfaces having outer surfaces contacting .therewith, the surfaces on the jaws and movable member being of such character that they conform to one another regardless structure, which comprises a frame, an anvil on the frame for abutting the female member, and having an aperture for receiving the male member, a movable member in the frame and having anopeninginitsemiadiacenttheanvildefined by cylindrical surfaces whose axes converge towardtheanviLandaphiralityofjawshaving cylindrical surfaces, each of which contacts with a cylindrical surface on the movable member, the surface on each jaw and on the mova'bl member cooperating therewith, being of such character that the jaws are positively retained in contact with the surfaces on the movable member but arefreetomovealongsuchsurfacesinconverging paths.

5. A mechanism for applying to a structure, a rivet comprising a female member, and a male member extending therethrough for forming a head on the latter at one side of the structure, a frame, an anvil on the frame for abutting the female member, a movable element in the frame having converging surfaces, and separate jaws between said surfaces interlocked with the element to move parallel to such surfaces, said jaws having threads and grooves for interlocking with threads and grooves on the male rivet member.

6. A mechanism for applying to a structure, a rivet comprising a female member, and a male member extending tberethrough for forming a head on the latter at one side of the structure, comprisingaframe,ananvil ontheframefor abutting the female member, a movable element in the frame having converging surfaces, and separate jaws between said surfaces interlocked with the element to move parallel to such surfaces, said jaws having threads and grooves for interlocking'withthreadsandgroovesonthemale rivet member, said threads on the jaws being inclined to facilitate insertion of the male rivet member tberebetwecn.

'1. Arivet setting machine comprising an outer member, an intermediate member reciprocatory intheoutermembenandhavinganopemngin one end defined by converging surfaces, each of whichmanycrosssectionperpendiculartoits length has a surface contour conforming toany othersimilarsectiontakcnalongthelengthof the intermediate member, and jaws between said surfaces having outer surfaces substantially complementary to the surfaces on the intermediate member, so that in movement of the jaws along the intermediate member, they may remain in full surface contact with said sin-faces on the member;

', jaws having outersurfaces comwitiunthe'outermemberandhavsurf'aomz on member, and

ing spaced surfaces convel'glna toward the opening in the anvil, in which each surface in any lateral cross section throughout its length is of conforming contour to any other lateral section, and jaws between said surfaces and having outer surfaces complementary to the surfaces of said intermediate member, and inner gripping surfaces for the rivet shank.

10. A machine for setting a rivet comprising a female member and a male member extending therethrough, for forming a head at one side of a structure to be riveted, and which is adapted to be broken intermediate its ends while under tension, after setting of the rivet, wherein the machine comprises a barrel having an apertured anvil at one end for engaging the end of the female member while allowing the male member to project therethrough, contractile jaws in the barrel for gripping the male member, a movable member in the barrel for contracting the jaws and then pulling the male member to set the rivet, means for moving said movable member to set the rivet and to finally break the male member, and means for allowing the broken end of the male member to 'move through the jaws and barrel and to be ejected from the latter in back of the jaws.

11. In combination, means for gripping and pulling a rivet member away from a structure,- means for applying the reactionary force to the structure, and means for cushioning movement of the gripping and pulling means upon separation of the member with respect to the structure.

12. A mechanhm for applying to a structure, a rivet including a female member and a male member extending through the female member for forming a head on the latter at one side of the structure which comprises means for gripping and pulling the male member, means for applying the reactionary force to the female member, and means for cushioning movement of the first means upon separation of the'male member with respect to the structure.

13. -A machine for setting a rivet comprising a female member and a male member extending therethrough for forming a head on one side of a structure to be riveted, and which is adapted to be broken intermediate its ends while under tension after setting of the rivet, which comprises an outer member having an apertured anvil at one end for engaghig the end of the female member while allowing the end of the male member to project through the aperture. an intermediate and movable member having inner converging the jaws to pass rearwardly 'therethrough and through the other members and to be ejected therefromuponsettingoftherivetandbreaking of tbemalemembera ILAmachineforsettimarivetcomprisihg afemalememberandamalamembere'stending therethrough for forming aheadon onesideof astructuretoberiveted,andwhichisadapted to be broken intermediate its ends while under surfaces angularly arranged with respect to the axis of the movable member and engaging the converging surfaces of the movable member,

means for moving the latter member for first causing gripping of the male member by the jaws and then causing a longitudinal movement of the latter to move the male member, and means depending on the recoil force on the jaws for freeing them from the broken male member after setting of the rivet. and upon breaking of the male member under tension.

15. A machine for setting a rivet comprising a female and male member extending therethrough for forminga head on one side of a structure to be riveted, and which is adapted to be broken intermediate its ends while under tension after the setting of the rivet, comprising an outer member having an apertured anvil at one end for engaging the end of the female member while allowing the end of the male member to project therethrough, an intermediate and movable member having inner converging surfaces adjacent the anvil on the first member, jaws in the intermediate member for engaging the end of the male member having outer surfaces angularly arranged with respect to the axis of the movable member and for engaging the converging surfaces of the movable member, means for moving the latter member for first causing gripping of the male member by the jaws and then a longitudinal movement of the latter to move the male member, means for allowing the broken part of the male member engaged by the jaws to pass rearwardly through the latter and to be ejected therefrom upon setting of the rivet and breaking of the male'member, and means depending upon the recoil force on the jaws for freeing them from the broken male member after setting of the rivet and upon breaking of the male member under tension.

16. In a rivet setting machine, a barrel having 7 an anvil at one end for engaging one part of a two-part rivet, jaws in the barrel for engaging the second part of the rivet, an intermediate movable member in the barrel for causing contraction of the jaws and movement of the last mentioned part of the rivet and breaking thereof from the rivet connection after setting of the rivet, and means for allowing the broken part of the rivet member to pass rearwardly through the jaws and to be ejected from the barrel.

17. In a machine for setting a rivet wherein a rivet pin'is pulled and a portion of the pin finally separated from the structure riveted, which ioning the gripping means upon separation of the pin portion.

19. In a. machine for setting a rivet wherein a rivet pin is pulled and a portion of the pin finally separated from the structure riveted, which comprises means for gripping and pulling the pin, means for applying the reactionary force of the pull to the structure riveted, means for allowing the separated pin portion to move rearwardly through the gripping means and a part of the machine, and means for cushioning the gripping means upon breaking the pin.

20. In a machine for setting a rivet wherein a rivet pin is pulled and a portion of the pin finally separated from the structure riveted, which comprises fluid operated means for gripping and pulling the pin, means for applying the reactiona-ry force of the pull to the structure, and means for resiliently resisting movement of the fluid operated means.

21. In a machine for setting a rivet wherein a rivet pin is pulled and a portion of the pin finally separated from the structure riveted, which comprises fluid operated means for gripping and pulling the pin, means for applying the reactionary force of the pull to the structure, and fluid pressure means for resiliently resisting movement of the fluid operated means.

22. A rivet setting mechanism for setting a rivet wherein a rivet pin is pulled and a portion of the pin is broken from the structure riveted, which comprises jaws for gripping the pin, a movable member for moving the jaws to pull the pin, and means for cushioning movement of the jawsupon breaking of the pin with respect to the structure.

23. A rivet setting machine-or the like, comprising an outer member, an inner tubular member reciprocatory in the outer member and having inner tapered surfaces at one end, jaws between and operatively engaging said surfaces, and means normally urging the jaws toward the smaller end of the'tape'red surfaces, said means including means for applying a separate force to each jaw. I

24. A rivet' setting machine or the like, comprising an outer member, an inner tubular mem-' ber reciprocatory in the outer member and having inner tapered surfaces at one end, jaws between and operatively engaging said surfaces, and means normally urging the jaws toward the smaller end of the tapered surfaces, said means including a member having legs for engaging the ends of the jaws respectively.

25. A rivet setting machine or the like, comprising an outer member, an inner tubular member reciprocatory in the outer member and having inner tapered grooves at one end, jaws disposed in said grooves respectively, and means normally urging the jaws toward the smaller end of the tapered grooves,said means including elements projecting axially into the grooves and engaging the jaws respectively.

26. A rivet setting machine or the like, comprising an outer member, an inner tubular member having inner tapered surfaces at one-end.

a reciprocatory member at the opposite end of 8 aosann her having inner tapered surfaces at one end, and including a spring encircling a part of the a reciprocatory member at the opposite end of inwardly projecting portion of the reciprocatory the inner member and projecting thereinto, jaws member. inthe inner member and operativeiy engaging said LOUIS C. HUCK.

0 surfaces; and means normally urging said jaws RALPH A. MILLER. 5

toward thesmaller end of the tapered surfaces 

